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Multifocal Strokes with Unremarkable MRA or CTA

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Today, we'll be talking about multifocal strokes

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with no significant vascular abnormality

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on MRA or CTA of the head and neck.

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There are five entities we're going to discuss.

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The first is cardiovascular sources.

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It might be cardiac source of valve vegetation.

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Frequently, you see it in patients with atrial fibrillation.

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It might be systemic hypotension or patients

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with a hypercoagulability state.

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Usually, you see strokes in multiple vascular distributions,

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frequently involving the border zones.

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We'll also talk about venous sinus thrombosis,

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including cortical vein, superior sagittal

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and transverse sinus thrombosis.

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The lesions are in non-arterial distribution.

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They tend to have hemorrhage, edema,

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and may have restricted or facilitated diffusion.

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Cadasil is inherited disorder and they have white matter

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lesions involving the anterior,

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temporal lobe and external capsules,

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as well as periventricular and subcortical white matter.

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They tend to have a lot of microhemorrhages

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and small infarctions.

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Susac syndrome involves the gray and white

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matter and it looks like multiple sclerosis

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can involve the corpus callosum,

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but the lesions tend to be trans colossal.

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They can also have leptomeningeal enhancement.

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And of course,

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they have retinal artery thrombosis

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and hearing loss,

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as you'll learn in a couple of minutes.

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And fat emboli has a pattern of too numerous

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to count punctate infarctions, microhemorrhages,

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and usually associated with a long bone fracture.

Report

Faculty

Pamela W Schaefer, MD, FACR

Professor of Radiology, Vice Chair of Education

Massachusetts General Hospital

Tags

Vascular Imaging

Vascular

Perfusion

Neuroradiology

Neuro

MRP

MRI

MRA

Head and Neck

CTP

CTA

CT

Brain

Angiography

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