0:00

Up until now,

0:01

my discussion has largely been about the primary injuries

0:06

that occur with traumatic brain injury.

0:09

However, as I mentioned early in the talk,

0:12

the consequences of secondary injury to the brain

0:16

are often more lethal than the primary injury.

0:20

When we refer to secondary injury to the brain,

0:22

we're usually talking about these potential complications

0:26

which include dissections, strokes, secondary

0:30

to the dissected blood vessels, pseudo aneurysms,

0:34

and the effects of mass effect

0:36

which include herniation of brain tissue.

0:39

I will add one more of those secondary complications,

0:44

which includes hydrocephalus, and that is

0:47

as there are obstructive clots within the ventricular system,

0:52

be they at the foramen of Monro or at the aqueduct of

0:56

Sylvius or at the outflow tracts of the fourth

0:58

ventricle at foramen of Magendie or Luschka,

1:01

you can have obstructive hydrocephalus,

1:04

which can lead to more complications and more symptoms

1:07

than the primary injury itself.

1:10

And therefore,

1:11

as we sequentially and serially scan patients

1:15

who have had traumatic brain injury,

1:17

we have to look for these various complications.